How To Use Charitable Gift Annuities

A Charitable Gift Annuity is a contract where an individual (called a donor) gives an irrevocable gift of value (cash or other asset) to a qualified charity and in return receives a charitable tax deduction. For this gift, the charity agrees to make a payment of a fixed amount of money to the donor(s) for the remainder of their lifetime. These annuity payments are not considered "income" and a portion of each payment is considered to be a partial tax-free return of the donor's gift, which is spread over the donor's lifetime. The gift becomes a part of the charity's assets and the payments are a general obligation of the charity. The annuity is not just backed by the value of the contribution, but is backed by the charity's entire asset base. When the donation is in the form of securities, the value is determined by the fair market value on the date of the gift.

Many states regulate charitable gift annuities and require the charity to provide the state with a published gift annuity rate chart of the maximum annuity rate the charity offers each donor (annuitant), listed by the actuarial age (age to nearest birthday) on the gift date. The charity can spend a portion of the contribution at any time, including immediately after receipt. However, the charity must maintain sufficient reserves (as required by state laws) and satisfy regulatory requirements of the state where the charitable gift annuity was issued.

Charitable Gift Annuity Agreements Not all states permit the use of each type of the many agreements that are available. Usually the charity is required to submit each different type of agreement it would like to offer. Some of the types of gift annuities are:

Immediate Gift Annuities Periodic annuity payments can be made monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually, as defined in the agreement. With the first payment to start at the end of the period (month, quarter, etc.), immediately following the contribution.

Deferred Gift Annuities This type of annuity is where the annuity payments begin at a future date chosen by the donor. The payments must begin more than one year after the date of the contribution.

Tuition Gift Annuities These annuity payment begin at an annuitant(s) specific age. They are most often purchased by a parent or grandparent to provide college funds for a young child. At the specified age, the annuitant has the option of receiving annuity payments over his or her lifetime, or elect to receive much larger payments for a specified term (usually four or five years) as defined in the annuity contract.

Flexible Gift Annuities The starting date of this type of annuities is chosen by the annuitant(s). A "target date" for the payments to begin is chosen at the time of the gift. A range of payouts with a variety of fixed payment amounts and differing starting dates are offered by the charity. The charitable deduction remains fixed, therefore the annuity payment for each starting date would change. The payments would be higher if the starting date is later and lower if the starting date is earlier. Annuitants would need to decide on an annual basis whether or not to begin the annuity payments that year.

Agreement Versions There are three versions of each type of agreement. They are:

"single life" agreement - annuity payments for the annuitant's lifetime,

"two lives in succession" agreement - annuity payments for the lifetime of the annuitant and then pay a second person if he or she survives the annuitant, and "joint and survivor" agreement - annuity payments to a husband and wife simultaneously, each getting half of the payment, and upon the death of one of the annuitants, pay the survivor the full annuity.

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